
Статья поступила 21.10.2024. После доработки 18.12.2024. Принята к печати 27.02.2025.
Аннотация. Статья посвящена особенностям очередной волны опиоидного кризиса в США, связанной с синтетическим наркотиком фентанил. Рассматриваются особенности, которые привели к его популяризации: низкая стоимость производства и, как следствие, цена для покупателей. Фентанил – сильнодействующее вещество, а передозировка, приводящая к летальному исходу, возможна уже от 2 мг. В связи с этим особое внимание в статье уделяется происхождению незаконного фентанила и путям его доставки в США. Разобраны основные меры администрации Дж. Байдена и причины их критики со стороны республиканцев. Две партии опираются на разные подходы: демократы акцентируют внимание на улучшении доступа наркозависимых к качественному лечению, а их политические оппоненты – на ужесточении иммиграционной политики. Кроме того, в статье рассматриваются роль Китая и Мексики в опиоидном кризисе в США, а также фактор возвращения Д. Трампа в Белый дом в 2025 г.
Ключевые слова: США, фентанил, опиоидный кризис, Мексика, Китай, наркокартели, Д. Трамп, Дж. Байден
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена при поддержке гранта Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ на проведение крупных научных проектов по приоритетным направлениям научно-технологического развития № 075-15-2024-551 “Глобальные и региональные центры силы в формирующемся мироустройстве” (для русскоязычных изданий).
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