223Статья поступила 15.04.2024. После доработки 31.05.2024. Принята к печати 19.06.2024.
Аннотация. После распада СССР Турция предприняла попытку выстроить “особые” отношения с недавно обретшими независимость государствами Центральной Азии, заполнив образовавшийся в регионе вакуум власти. Результаты этих усилий в целом оказались разочаровывающими для Анкары, следствием чего было не только снижение ее активности в регионе, но и отказ от претензий на лидерство. Хотя за последующие десятилетия Турция достигла значительного прогресса в развитии экономических, культурных и гуманитарных связей с государствами Центральной Азии, в целом этот регион не относился к числу главных приоритетов ее внешней политики. Однако активизация Турции в Центральной Азии, наблюдаемая в последние годы, дает основание говорить о “возвращении” Анкары в регион, причины которого связаны как с происходящими глобальными и региональными сдвигами, так и с изменениями внешней политики Турции и ее внешнеполитической идентичности. В настоящий момент Турция обладает бо?льшими ресурсами и влиянием на международной арене, чем в 1990-е годы, а ее политика в Центральной Азии стала более нюансированной и последовательной. Тем не менее стремление Анкары стать “третьей силой” в регионе может столкнуться с целым рядом ограничений и вызовов.
Ключевые слова: Центральная Азия, Турция, Организация тюркских государств, “Средний коридор”, Кавказ, Р.Т. Эрдоган, ПСР, инициатива “Азия заново”, “Век Турции”
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