89Received 06.02.2023. Revised 25.07.2023. Accepted 05.12.2023.
Статья поступила 06.02.2023. После доработки 25.07.2023. Принята к печати 05.12.2023.
Аннотация. “Looking East” has recently become a rather trendy topic among Iranians from all walks of life at a critical time: when Iran has deeply engaged its major partners in the East while getting involved in a rather lengthy negotiations with the “5+1” party concerning the fate of the nuclear deal, which the Trump administration quit in May 2018. Although from the beginning Iran’s “Looking East” orientation was by and large about going around the US-led international sanctions and punitive measures levied against the Islamic Republic, the approach has survived to now become Tehran’s preferred policy toward the outside world. Not only is the “Looking East” policy pursued by Tehran in itself in itself an understudied topic of considerable significance, Iran sanctions are yet to be fully investigated by interested scholars despite their tremendous ramifications on almost every aspect of Iranian internal and external affairs, including the Islamic Republic’s “Looking East” proclivities, over the past several decades. Indeed, after playing a truly instrumental role in shaping the contours of Iran’s increasingly growing multifaceted relationship with its Eastern friends and partners, the US-spearheaded sanctions have turned “Looking East” into the main doctrine behind the dynamics of Iran-East interactions for the foreseeable future.
Cтановление и устойчивость иранской концепции “Взгляд на Восток”: попытка нивелировать эффект санкций?
Концепция “Взгляд на Восток” в последнее время становится одной из популярных тем для дискуссий среди иранцев всех слоев общества. Рост внимания к этой проблематике происходит в достаточно критичный период политики Ирана: активизации контактов со странами Востока при одновременном вовлечении в затянувшийся процесс переговоров с группой “5+1” относительно судьбы “ядерной сделки”, которую администрация Трампа покинула в одностороннем порядке в мае 2018 г. Несмотря на то что с самого начала внешнеполитический подход Ирана “Взгляд на Восток” во многом был нацелен на поиск путей для нивелирования негативных последствий инициированных США международных санкций, впоследствии он стал основополагающим принципом взаимодействия Тегерана с внешним миром. Между тем иранская политика “Взгляд на Восток”, невзирая на принципиальную необходимость ее комплексного анализа, остается по сей день достаточно неизученной, как и проблематика антииранских санкций, которые оказывали масштабное влияние практически на все сферы внешней и внутренней политики Ирана на протяжении последних нескольких десятилетий, включая и непосредственно концепцию “Взгляд на Восток”. Последняя не только способствовала развитию все более разносторонних отношений с “друзьями и партнерами” на Востоке: под влиянием санкций данный внешнеполитический подход стал базовой доктриной углубления взаимодействия между Ираном и восточными странами в обозримой перспективе.
Ключевые слова: Iran, “Looking East”, international sanctions, foreign policy, nuclear deal
Иран, “Взгляд на Восток”, международные санкции, внешняя политика, “ядерная сделка”
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