Abstract. At the end of 2024, the ruling “traffic light” coalition collapsed in Germany, and early elections to the Bundestag were scheduled for February 23, 2025. Elections to the landtags of the three eastern federal states were held in the country, which showed an increase in the polarization of electoral preferences of citizens. As a result of these elections, the German political system faced the limits of regional governance in a proportional electoral system. Despite the recession in the economy, the government of Olaf Scholz continued its policy of strengthening defense capabilities and energy transformation.