Abstract. The matter of dependence of domestic enterprises on imports is considered on the basis of new, not published previously data from 1998 to 2016. We don’ see a long-term trend towards a decrease in this dependence. To a large extent, imports are determined by the technological parameters of production; it is difficult to replace imports even when unfavorable price changes occur. High share of currency component in costs negatively affects the financial condition of enterprises, employment and output. In this situation, measures that promote economic growth appear to be more efficient rather than customs regulation.