Abstract. In 2021, most arms control agreements were terminated, which led to a significant crisis in the international security structure. This situation was largely due to the actions of the U.S. President Joe Biden’s administration. The article explores U.S. policy on nuclear weapons and strategic forces in 2021–2024, assessing the potential benefits and necessity of reestablishing traditional arms control measures. The Biden administration’s expert potential and political priorities in this area are analyzed, as well as its plans, objectives, and steps in such areas as the anti-satellite threat, nuclear modernization and deterrence, and hypersonic weapons. It is concluded that despite J.Biden’s initial plans to make significant adjustments to the American strategy regarding nuclear weapons, the real approach taken by his administration to one of the key areas of U.S. security policy did not differ significantly from the line of the previous D.Trump administration. The article also examines the current state of bilateral Russia–U.S. relations in the security and nuclear arms control domains. While Russia is open to dialogue on issues of strategic stability, international security, and strategic offensive weapons if the United States is willing to take into account legitimate Russian concerns and key national security interests, it is shown how difficult such a renewed negotiation process would be.