We would like to present the Spring–Summer 2024 issue of “Pathways to Peace and Security”, no. 1 (66), to our readers. The first section devoted to the Middle Eastern affairs is focused on the sharp escalation of the Palestinian–Israeli conflict since 2023 and the war in Gaza. The main attention is paid to the ideology of armed Palestinian groups (with the “Islamic Jihad” organization as a case study), the problem of the Palestinian refugees, domestic policy aspects of Israel’s actions in and policy on Gaza, and Iran’s approach to the Gaza crisis. The phenomenon of pro-Iranian Shia groups is explored through the prism of Iran’s religious policy towards the Arab countries; regional aspects of the conflict in Yemen are analyzed; and “conflict interaction” between Türkiye and the United States in Syria are studied. A special section addresses various aspects of the use and evolution of “soft power” in the context of the new round of militarization of international relations. These aspects range from the broader issues of theory and practice of “soft power” at the times of escalation of international tensions to related experiences of Russia, China, and the UK. The section on political economy and security of Central and South Asia is focused on the development–security nexus (with international governance in the water energy sphere in Central Asia as a case study) and on the challenges for Pakistan following the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan and the complex dynamics of the Pakistani–Afghan relations.
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