86Abstract. The article discusses issues of increasing the scale and effectiveness of international aid to least developed countries (LDCs) in order to assist with the population growth. LDCs’ new demographic policy should be aimed at reducing the anthropogenic burden on climate. Within the LDCs themselves, it should be aimed at enforcing economic development and reducing poverty. Over the period when the LDCs have received international assistance, the effectiveness of aid has been shown to be low (the persistent poverty and lack of economic progress). Poverty contributes to the development of international terrorism, internecine local wars, and flows of disorganized migration. Anthropogenic pressure of LDCs on the planet’s climate and other aspects of the environment is growing rapidly. In a context when the world is close to the permissible limit of population growth on the planet, such demographic liberalism seems to be excessively risky. To reduce danger, the global community should be more involved in regulating population growth of the LDCs. To this end, the article proposes the development of an international agreement limiting population growth in LDCs. To justify population growth limits, LDCs can use the criteria proposed in the article for balancing population growth with the countries’ economic and environmental resources. Environmental criteria are based on the maximum permissible anthropogenic load. Economic criteria suggest maximum permissible population growth rates that would not exceed the rate of economic development of the country. Applying these restrictions will contribute to increasing per capita GDP and living standards.
Keywords: the least developed countries, international aid, population, anthropogenic pressure, environment, poverty
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