Abstract. The article analyzes the withstanding of two worldviews – traditionalism and anti-traditionalism – in the context of international relations. The authors define the ideology of the modern liberal order as anti-traditionalism (the new type of liberalism). Its basic feature is an intention to overcome every identity. The “liberal revolution” of the second half of the 20th century step by step formed the values that were recognized at the international level as fundamental (those are first of all the rights of minorities, liberalization of immigration policy, the values of globalism), or all human values which could not be discussed. The traditionalist worldview is not limited to the “populism” or “nationalism” as often represented in mass-media, but has more deep roots traced back to defending the sovereignty of states, societies, cultures, religions and identity as a basic idea instead of globalization of values. In 2010s it became evident that the struggle of anti-traditionalists and traditionalists already exists between the states. On that ideological ground, the U.S. president D. Trump opposes to his liberal critics inside and outside the country. On the same ground the traditionalist governments of Poland and Hungary, politicians in Italy oppose to the symbol of the new liberalism – the European Union structures. Russia has become one of the world’s centers of the traditionalist ideology defending the sovereignty against the new liberalism. The conservatives from Europe and the USA (the “League” from Italy, “Alternative for Germany”, “National Front” from France, conservatives around D. Trump, etc.) perceive Russia as a more monolith and united force, while in other European countries traditionalists rather dissociate. In international relations, traditionalists feel themselves as still defending and retreating side but that only escalate the struggle.