Print

Is There Any Chance to Revive French Industry?

40
Rubric: Europe: New Realities
DOI: 10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-10-103-111
N. Lapina (lapina@inion.ru),
Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAS), 51/21, Nakhimovskii Prosp., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
PDF (RUS)

Abstract. Deindustrialization in advanced economies has become one of the consequences of economic globalization. This process has been developing over the past four decades, however, the destruction of industrial potential has been seriously discussed recently. The article analyzes the process of France’s entry into the global economy and the subsequent partial destruction of the national industry. The French model of entry into the open economy was distinguished by its own characteristics: the speed and scale of the transformation, accompanied by rising unemployment and curbing income inequality. French society was not ready for globalization and perceived it as a threat. Deindustrialization, which took place against the background of structural and technological restructuring of production, changed the social structure. The first social victims were workers. In contrast to a reduction in the number of workers in France, the representation of top and middle managers increased. At the same time, fragmentation of the middle class took place; its lower strata were threatened by unemployment and lumpenization. In French society, new social divisions appeared, and socio-spatial imbalances grew. At the end of the global financial and economic crisis of 2008–2009, the European countries recalled the industrial policy. France is currently endorsing a new program for development of an innovative economy. In the case of its implementation or non-implementation, three scenarios are possible. The “Step into the Future” scenario involves the implementation of a program for development of an innovative economy and modernization of society. New industries will create new jobs, contribute to the emergence of new activities and new professions related to the assimilation and processing of information. The “French Desert” is possible if the first scenario cannot be implemented. The “Back to Etatism!” scenario implies a technocratic version of modernization and strengthening state influence on society.

Keywords: globalization, deindustrialization, reindustrialization, industrial policy, France, E. Macron


REFERENCES

1. Artus P., Virard M.-P. La France sans ses usisnes. Paris, Fayard, 2011. 175 ð.

2. Malezieux J., Fischer A., Merenne-Schoumaker B. Regards de grands temoins sur 50 ans de mutations industrielles. Bulletin de l’Association de geographes francais, 2015, no. 92 (4), pp. 437-451.

3. Bost F., Messaoudi D. La desindustrialisation: quelles realites dans le cas francais? Revue geographique de l’Est, 2017, vol. 57, no. 1-2. Available at: https://journals.openedition.org/rge/6333 (accessed 20.04.2020).

4. Todd E. Les luttes de classes en France au XXIe siecle. Paris, Seuil, 2020. 373 p.

5. Birnbaum Ð. Les sommets de l’Etat. Essai sur l’elite du pouvoir en France. Paris, Seuil, 1994. 224 p.

6. Klinova M.V. Privatizatsionnaya sostavlyayushchaya v innovatsionnoi politike Frantsii [Privatization component in the innovation policy of France]. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2018, vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 37-45. DOI:10.20542/0131-2227-2018-62-10-37-45

7. Les syndicats denoncent des licenciements boursiers chez GE. Le Point, 13.01.2016. Available at: https://www.lepoint.fr/economie/ge-supprime-765-emplois-en-france-dans-l-ex-alstom-power-13-01-2016-2009479_28.php (accessed 20.04.2020).

8. Roustan M. La desindustrialisation du territoire: mythe ou realite?: Rapport d’information a l’Assemblee nationale. Ðaris, 2004, no. 1625 (XIIe legislature), mai. 219 p. Available at: http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/12/rap-info/i1625.asp (accessed 20.04.2020).

9. Rubinskii Yu.I., ed. Frantsiya. V poiskakh novykh putei [France. In search of new ways]. Moscow, Ves’ mir, 2007. 624 p.

10. EUROBAROMETRE69. L’Opinion Publique dans l’Union Europeenne. Printemps 2008. Rappor national France. 47 p. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/archives/eb/eb69/eb69_fr_nat.pdf (accessed 20.04.2020).

11. Lapina N.Yu. Natsional’nye modeli vstupleniya v globalizatsiyu [National entry models to globalization]. Rossiya i sovremennyi mir, 2020, no. 2 (107), pð. 73-77.

12. Bost F., Fagnoni E. Les territoires francais a l’epreuve des mutations industrielles. Bulletin de l’Association de geographes francais, 2015, no. 92 (4), pp. 427-436.

13. Sicard Cl. La descente aux enfers de l’industrie francaise. Contrepoints, 19.10.2018. Available at: https://www.contrepoints.org/2018/10/19/328062-la-descente-aux-enfers-de-lindustrie-francaise (accessed 20.04.2020).

14. La preference francaise. L’OBS, 2019, 21–27 nov., no. 2872, p. 16.

15. Fourquet J. L’archipel francais. Naissance d’une nation multiple et divisee. Paris, Seuil, 2019. 383 p.

16. Tableaux de l’economie francaise: Edition 2019. Paris, INSEE, 2019. Available at: https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/3696937 (accessed 21.04.2020).

17. Castells M. Informatsionnaya epokha: Ekonomika, obshchestvo, kul’tura [Information era: Economics, society, culture]. Moscow, GU VSHE, 2000. 608 p.

18. Lapina N.Yu. Ne ochen’ schastlivaya globalizatsiya: frantsuzskii opyt [Not very happy globalization: the French experience]. Rossiya i sovremennyi mir, 2020, no. 2, pp. 190-209.

19. Gallois L. Pacte pour la competitivite de l’industrie francaise. 05.11.2012. 74 p. Available at: https://www.entreprises.gouv.fr/files/files/directions_services/politique-et-enjeux/simplifications/rapport-louis-gallois-competitivite.pdf (accessed 21.04.2020).

20. Davesne S. Francois Hollande lance sa nouvelle politique industrielle “ni liberale, ni dirigiste”. L’Usine nouvelle, 12.09.2013. Available at: https://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/francois-hollande-lance-sa-nouvelle-politique-industrielle-niliberale-ni-dirigiste.N204757 (accessed 21.04.2020).

21. Notre ambition pour l’industrie. Paris, Conseil National de l’Industrie, 2017. 27 p. Available at: https://www.gouvernement.fr/sites/default/files/document/document/2017/11/dossier_de_presse_-_notre_ambition_pour_lindustrie_-_20.11.2017.pdf (accessed 21.04.2020).

22. Pacte productif pour le plein emploi. 2019. Available at: https://www.economie.gouv.fr/pacte-productif (accessed 21.04.2020).

23. Pacte productif: dix filieres d’innovation prioritaires. Vie publique, 2020. Available at: https://www.vie-publique.fr/en-bref/273289-pacte-productif-10-filieres-dinnovation-prioritaires (accessed 21.04.2020).

24. Mathieu B. Industrie: en finir avec la grande braderie. L’Express, 2020, no. 3759, 6–12 fevr, pp. 21-22. Available at: https://lexpansion.lexpress.fr/actualite-economique/industrie-en-finir-avec-la-grande-braderie_2117042.html (accessed 21.04.2020).

25. Barometre de la confiance politique. Vague 11 / CEVIPOF. 2020. 11 fevr. Available at: https://www.sciencespo.fr/cevipof/fr/content/le-barometre-de-la-confiance-politique (accessed 21.02.2020).

26. Macron E. Adresse aux Francais. 12.03.2020. Available at: https://www.elysee.fr/emmanuel-macron/2020/03/12/adresse-aux-francais (accessed 21.04.2020).

27. L’intergralite du texte de l’allocution d’Emmanuel Macron du 13 avril 2020. Available at: https://www.lavoixdunord.fr/740703/article/2020-04-14/l-integralite-du-texte-de-l-allocution-d-emmanuel-macron-du-13-avril-2020 (accessed 21.04.2020).

28. Furbury P.A. Coronavirus: les Francais font des relocalisations la priorite de l’apres-crise. Les Echos, 13.04.2020. Available at: https://www.lesechos.fr/politique-societe/politique/coronavirus-les-francais-font-des-relocalisations-la-priorite-de-lapres-crise-1194424#utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium (accessed 21.04.2020).

29. Macron E. FT Interview: Emmanuel Macron says it is time to think the unthinkable. Financial Time, 17.04.2020. Available at: https://www.ft.com/content/3ea8d790-7fd1-11ea-8fdb-7ec06edeef84 (accessed 21.04.2020).

30. Zaritskii B.E., Zakharov A.N. Perspektivy reindustrializatsii razvitykh ekonomik [Prospects for the reindustrialization of developed economies]. Perspektivy ekonomicheskoi globalizatsii. Monografiya [Prospect of economic globalization: monograph]. Bulatov A.S., ed. Moscow, KnoRus, 2020, pp. 331-350.

31. Pandemic divided the EU into two camps. Nezavisimaya gazeta, 07.04.2020. (In Russ.) Available at: http://nvo.ng.ru/editorial/2020-04-07/2_7837_editorial.html (accessed 21.04.2020).

32. Verceuil J. Les avatars de la mondialisation. Remarques sur quatre scenarios plausibles. Une mondialisation contrariee: L’Europe et la Chine face a de nouveaux enjeux. Richet X., Vercueil J., eds. Paris, Harmattan, 2019, pp. 15-32.


Registered in System SCIENCE INDEX

For citation:
Lapina N. Is There Any Chance to Revive French Industry?. World Eñonomy and International Relations, 2020, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 103-111. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-10-103-111

Contents World Eñonomy and International Relations. 2020, vol. 64, no. 10

Comments (0)

Show

No comments

Add comment







Indexed

 

 

 

 

Dear authors! Please note that in the VAK List of peer-reviewed scientific journals, in which the main scientific results of dissertations for the degree of candidate and doctor of sciences should be published for the “MEMO Journal” the following specialties are recorded:
economic sciences:
5.2.5. World Economy.
5.2.1. Economic Theory
5.2.3. Regional and Branch Economics
political sciences:
5.5.4. International Relations
5.5.1. History and Theory of Politics
5.5.2. Political Institutions, Processes, Technologies

 

Current Issue
2024, vol. 68, No. 12
Topical Themes of the Issue:
  • Mechanisms of International Financial Relations in the Conditions of Globalization Crisis  
  • “New” Militarization of Europe?
  • Foreign Economic Policy of Germany: African Vector
  • Transformation of the Conflict Field in Abkhazia: Contemporary Politics and Historical Context
Announcement

Dear authors of the journal!

Please note that the author's copies of the issues in which your texts are published are kept in the editorial office for no more than one year. After this period expires, the editorial office has the right to dispose of unclaimed copies at its own discretion.

 

Submit an Article
Submit an Article
INVITATION FOR PUBLICATION
The Editorial Board invites authors to write analytical articles on the following topics:
  • changes in the processes of globalization in modern conditions
  • formation of the new world order
  • shifts in civilization at the stage of transition to a digital society

The editors are also interested in publishing synthesis articles / scientific reviews revealing the main trends in the development of certain regions of the world - Latin America, Africa, South Asia, etc.

Scientific and Practical Seminar of IMEMO, RIAC
and the MEMO Journal