865A. Kravchuk (zkv3krava@mail.ru),
Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 8, Sukhanova Str., Vladivostok, 690091, Russian Federation
Abstract. Successful implementation of the majority of Russian projects in the Arctic requires a great number of ice-class vessels that are able to operate freely in the Arctic Ocean. Over the last couple of years Russian companies placed a large amount of orders for building vessels, which meet the requirements of the IMO Polar Code, on foreign shipyards. The fact exemplifies that at the moment Russia does not have enough ice-class vessels to expand its economic activity in the region. This article is devoted to the study of the development of civil shipbuilding in Russia. The author will consider the ongoing project of “Zvezda” shipbuilding complex that is to be realized in the Russian Far East. The paper provides comprehensive analysis of the main problems that threaten successful implementation of the project. One of them is that today “Zvezda” shipyard does not have enough commercial orders that prevents it from starting serial production of vessels and equipment for them. Author suggests that this problem cannot be solved without regulatory measures of the Russian Government. Another problem is that the Far Eastern shipbuilding complex lacks necessary technological experience in constructing sophisticated vessels (container ships, LNG-tankers and offshore platforms), which are in great demand in the Arctic. Thus, to overcome this challenge “Zvezda” shipyard needs to strengthen cooperation with the top shipbuilding companies in the world. While Western powers imposed sanctions against Russia, the leadership of “Zvezda” complex was forced to seek its partners in the Asia Pacific Region. As a result, today “Zvezda” shipyard in close cooperation with companies from China, the Republic of Korea and Singapore has established a number of joint ventures in the Russian Far East that will provide it with necessary technologies in short-term perspective. However, the import of foreign technologies makes products of the Russian shipbuilding complex more expensive and less competitive. From the author’s point of view, to solve that problem “Zvezda” should increase research and development expenditures, and its primary task for a long-term perspective should be to replace foreign technologies with domestic ones.
Keywords: Russia, Arctic, maritime navigation, Northern Sea Route, international cooperation, Russian Far East, shipbuilding
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