312V. Kutergin (killswitch07@mail.ru)
Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO), 23, Profsoyuznaya Str., Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
Abstract. The article deals with the main aspects of the educational reform in the post-Soviet Russia. It helps to throw light on the problem of general education transformations in the contemporary state. The author analyzes the course of school education modernization in the Russian Federation from 1990s till recent days. The changes caused by turning points in early 1990s had a great impact on implementation of educational policies. The shift in the economic organization of the state demanded a new education system. The foundation of such system was launched by Boris Yeltsin and his command, although the lack of money created a great obstacle on the way of realization of educational reforms. The state renounced the regulation of education. A new period in reformation of the school system began after Yeltsin’s withdrawal from the office. This period was marked by new approaches and actions in educational system modernization. In order to understand the educational policy, the author puts reforms in the world context as well as in specific Russian realities, and anatomizes the structure of the reforms. The most important point, according to the author’s view, is a transformation of the wage system in schools. It helped to increase teachers’ incomes, although created imbalances among regions and schools. The author also touches upon new professional standards for teachers and the Unified State Examination, revealing their contradictory nature. At the end of the article it is concluded that it was the new economic paradigm which boosted and led the educational policy in the post-Soviet Russia in order to create a completely new educational system. However, the results of the reforms were ambivalent, as they have provoked serious socio-economic consequences highlighted in the article.
Keywords: school education, remuneration of teachers, new requirements for teachers, Unified State Examination, quality of education
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