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Abstract. The article is dedicated to the subject practically missed by the modern science – the problem of the world order transition to new structures taking place in history, and relevant regularities. The "transitional period" in world politics is regarded as a reversal of principles which formed the base of the past international relations system that has lost its efficiency and utility. Transitional periods are analyzed with reference to alternative ways of changing the international relations system functioning principles. The modern transition of world development and problems of the Russian Federation under new conditions are studied from the political-scientific point of view. The question when the present-day chaos (typical of a transitional period) ends, and the new world order lineaments take shape, is still open. The author presumes that the "new world disorder" may be considered the initial stage of the Forth World War (regarding the Cold War as the Third World War). The establishment of the new world order would now take other forms than it did in the past. In real politics, the global sustainable and safe development issues have paled into insignificance. Coming around to them could only be possible in the long term, and even if definite conditions are met. Global powers should adjust to new realities: the U.S. must stop regarding other countries as "junior" partners or opponents; China is to withdraw from its policy of reckoning only its own prosperity interests; Russia should show more leniency and understanding towards the political course of the European Union states.
Keywords: transition period, international relations system, world order, balance of forces, sovereignty, world and regional leadership, “world disorder”, alternatives in world development
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