Israel is a kind of a test field in the modern world. Developing of a young and very dynamic society is going on here in the highly hostile environment, under pressure of permanent terrorist and war threats. Contradictions abound in Israel. The answer is still to be found, whether the Jewish character of the state ensuring a privileged position to the Jews is compatible with principles of liberal democracy proclaimed as its basic values. There are ongoing discussions on the role of religion and its much more prominent position in Israel than in other Western democracies. The process of the national identity building is under way, and a controversial law proposal on the Jewish character of the state can cause a governmental crisis, lead to dissolution of the Knesset and to early elections. The elections of 2015 were not a follow-up of a political situation in the country. Prime Minister B. Netanyahu used his constitutional right to dissolve the government and the parliament as an instrument to enlist people's support for a new term of service and for a more obedient government coalition building. But the electoral campaign turned against him. He was accused of corruption, breach of confidence, and in his turn, did not hesitate to resort to electoral technologies in the fight against his opponents. As a result, the electoral campaign 2015 has lost much of its meaning as a chance to discuss the ways of solving many problems both in socio-economic field and in foreign policy. At the last moment, B. Netanyahu mobilized his voters by intimidating them with the accession of the left government and won the election battle.