Abstract. The author’s analysis is based on the assumption of special importance of the energy factor in the world politics. The author considers the problems of Iranian oil and gas sector, the outcomes of strict pressures of the international sanctions against the national nuclear program, the Tehran’s retaliatory measures. Also, the article deals with the issues of extraction and sales of Iranian natural gas, as well as of production and exports of petroleum products. Most likely, as the author states, the sanctions will not provide the desired results.