The Jewish community is known to be one of the most virile and dynamic among all the ethnic groups in the United States, and, certainly, the uppermost as regards its political influence. The reason is not the number of Jewish people in the country, which does not exceed 3%, but their high share in crucial spheres of public life. The Jews constitute, for instance, about 45% of public intellectuals, 30% of college professors, and 40% of top lawyers. The article deals with the history of the Jewish diaspora in the USA, its ethnic and religious differentiation.