Abstract. In this article, problems and possibilities concerning the repeated introduction of the SEZ project to the Russian economy are considered. It is suggested to improve the legal organizational regulation of this institute on the basis of negative experience investigation regarding the previous SEZ, such as free economic zones. The author shows that the success of the quickest new type zones formation process will depend on creation and implementation of a single SEZ development concept. This concept will include the issues of the SEZ formation principles determination, zones areal location, their infrastructure development, control of the access to SEZ, arranging of business and economic activity in the zones.