Abstract. The main weaknesses of the contemporary health care system in the USA are: dropping of a significant part of the population out of the health insurance system, lack of the efficient insurance business government regulation, and excessive spendings for health care, from the public viewpoint, as well as their growth rates. Understanding of these problems forces the U.S. authorities to reform this branch of economy. The Act signed by the President Obama foresees changes in basic health care structures. The complex of such changes reflects the essence of the reform conducted.