Abstract. One of the new and promising directions in the study of international relations and world politics is anthropology. The anthropology of international relations, based on the history and sciences studying the behavior of a social organism, provides an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to understand the location of a social subject in a social space, as well as its social viability, which facilitates the consideration of the system of international relations and the behavior of its elements. The anthropological analysis of international relations is subject to specification by spheres, which was done in the article.  The article examines the position of the Central Asian region in the system of political interactions based on the geo-economic approach. For a more substantive analysis, transport communications were chosen as an element of spatial analysis. Within the framework of the anthropological approach, Central Asia appears to researchers as a subject with spatial power based on the transit potential of territories in the global community.