Abstract. Today, in the context of the unfolding events around Nagorno-Karabakh, especially in terms of its post-conflict building, two major regional players, Turkey and Iran, are becoming more and more active for gaining key positions in the region. At present, Turkey is undoubtedly ahead of Iran in the South Caucasus and the situation around Nagorno-Karabakh after the anti-terrorist operation carried out there by Baku is the best proof for this. As far as Iran is concerned, Tehran, under the sanctions regime and Turkey’s firmly established leadership positions in the region, is trying in every possible way to strengthen its positions there. Also Iran made a start in trying to build its relationships with all participants of the conflict as well as with the other countries in the region on a bilateral and multilateral basis, which, in its opinion, can help strengthen Tehran’s role in the process of constructing regional architecture. However, currently this country is far behind Turkey, whose role and importance in the region are undeniable.