The article attempts to identify and analyze some aspects of the relationship between countries of the South Caucasus and the Middle East using the example of Iran and Turkey. It is shown that these two regions are closely interconnected, making up a single geopolitical space, where historical, ethno-national, confessional, socio-cultural, humanitarian and other components intersect. Main attention is focused on those aspects that together determine the main content and direction of the foreign policy strategy of the states and peoples of the two regions in terms of protecting and promoting their national interests and ensuring national security.