Abstract. The issue of energy security has taken a new meaning in the last decade and is being discussed mainly in connectionwith the dependence of post-Soviet and some European countries on Russian supplies. The article shows that despite the absolute dominance of Russia as a supplier on the Moldovan market, energy security problems are mainly related to Moldova's internal problems, low interest of investors, politically determined difficulties of transit. At the same time, diversification of energy supplies will not only fail to solve the existing problems, but may become a source of new risks.