Abstract. The article surveys the role of public sector in the economy of Kazakhstan from most common parameters to the presence of enterprises with state participation at the level of macro-industries. Kazakhstan is characterized by a high role of state and quasi-state companies in the economy. Therefore the main emphasis in the analysis was made on the role of state entrepreneurship. The analysis of the absolute and relative parameters of the role of state-owned enterprises in the economy and main types of activities was carried out, their dynamics was considered, the impact of state-owned enterprises on GDP and production growth in the main sectors of the economy was evaluated.