Abstract. In 2017 the 25th anniversary of signing the Treaty of Collective Security and 15 years of establishment of the CSTO are marked down. This organization stands on guard of regional security of Central Asian countries. Only combined efforts of all interested states can provide effective counteraction to the threats of terrorism, Islamic extremism, separatism, drug manufacturing and drug trafficking in post-Soviet Central Asian states. In addition to the CSTO an important role of ensuring regional stability and security is played by the SCO. This article is devoted to the analysis of institutional forms and prospects as well as to capabilities and problems of cooperation in the field of security of these international associations.