Abstract. Escalation of a terrorist threat in Central Asia is linked above all with the growing  activities in the region of the ISIL, a terrorist organization prohibited in Russia. Escalation of  underground terrorist activities in Central Asian countries as well as deterioration of the situation  in Afghanistan force the governments of these countries to undertake additional steps aimed at  ensuring national security. They include a number of domestic measures as well as strengthening  security cooperation with the leading foreign actors – Russia, USA and China.