The collective monograph which has been supported by the Russian Academy of Sciences Program (“Imbalances of the modern world order and Russia”, Project No. III.10P “Economic and social imbalances in macroregions of the modern world”) is an analytical study of socio-economic and political imbalances in several major developing states of Indo-Pacific Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and Latin America – China, India, Thailand, Indonesia, the Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, the Republic of South Africa, and Brazil. Special attention is given to Kazakhstan as the leader of integration in post-Soviet Central Asia. The monograph reveals the problem of regionalism as well as the contribution of the major developing states to regional and integration processes. The peculiarities of their interaction with neighboring states in the framework of some organizations (ASEAN, MERCOSUR and others) are also studied. The authors take also into account the Russian Federation‟s prospects in the macroregions of the modern developing world, where economic and social imbalances are acute.