The article deals with a description and analysis of the policy of modernization of the healthcare sector implemented by the Japanese government on the basis of artificial technology, provides particular examples of some research projects and cases of practical application of the described technologies, identifies problem areas of the policy being implemented and projects being developed. Modernization of the healthcare sector and medical services based on using of the latest digital technologies, in particular, artificial intelligence technology, is one of the key current global trends. In Russia, the digital transformation of healthcare is defined as one of the key tasks and is carried out within the framework of the National Project «Healthcare». The study of successful examples of the introduction of artificial intelligence technology, as well as problems that hinder or slow down the integration of this technology and ways to overcome them, can be a valuable lesson for countries also involved in the development of national strategies for the development of artificial intelligence.