Key aspects of the development of world transportation and logistics infrastructure under globalization are considered. The external and internal factors of the rapid development of transport and infrastructure in recent decades are classified. It is shown that the phenomena of globalization and containerization have led to an increase in the importance of seaports as a pillar of international trade and global value chains in transcontinental directions. Special attention is paid to an overview of transcontinental trade in industrial goods in the Europe‒Asia‒North America triangle. Investment processes in the transportation and logistics infrastructure of developed and developing countries are analyzed.