This study explores if the territorial communities (regions, provinces, and municipalities) in post-Franco Spain can be seen in the categories of political space as politically organized territory with its own structure, specific character, density, and degree of homogeneity. The author examines them in a wider political space of European Union, and pay special attention to political space structuring process in Spain. Just from this point of view the following issues are considered: the phenomenon of Spanish regionalism and localism in retrospective review, the current state-territorial organization system of Spain and possible scenarios of its development, peculiarities of territorial communities financing system, and characteristics of their participation in decision-making process at national level.