The article addresses the problems and prospects associated with the introduction of economic sovereignty notion to economic research. Four directions of such an introduction are identified focusing on such aspects as contribution of economic factors to maintaining national sovereignty; autonomy of economic policy; self-reliance in key aspects of economic development; and economic sustainability to negative external shocks like trade wars and sanctions. These research fields are shown to be characterized by unequal quality of theoretical and analytical achievements. At the moment, integrated theoretical basis for research in economic sovereignty is lacking, although some noteworthy conceptual developments can be traced in studies of factors affecting the degree of autonomy of national governments in economic policy decision making. The largest potential for ‘conceptual breakthrough’ is concentrated in technological sovereignty studies. To exploit this potential, however, economists should go beyond applied research and routine analytics to start a quest for appropriate theoretical generalizations.