The book contains the full text of the proceedings of the conference held in memory of the outstanding historian, political scientist, sociologist and psychologist Gherman Dilighensky (a short version of the conference materials was published in «Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodniye otnosheniya», 2005, N 12 and 2006, N 1,2). The conference was dedicated to the results of the reforms carried out in the last two decades in Russia (1985-2005). The analysis focused upon the political and social developments of that period. The discussion also dwelt on the alternatives and crossroads that had been passed and on the social, political and socio-psychological characteristics of the society that had emerged in the process. The outlook for Russia’s national development and its place in the global context were also evaluated.