The article analyzes the prerequisites and grounds of post-industrial transition as a process of formation of a planetary post-industrial civilization. In historical perspective it is showed that planetary civilization began to form already in the conditions of transition to the industrial stage of development. Post-industrial transition is caused by revolutionary changes in technologies in energy, info-communication and other sectors which entail drastic changes in social structure of society and the field of politics. Post-industrial transition is a multi-level process of development and consolidation of civilization on new technical, technological, socio-economic and cultural value bases. Under its influence, local civilizations will gradually transform and integrate into the general civilization flow but in short-term perspective, the complete disappearance of local civilization features should be not expected.