Comparativism is one of the subsections of modern economic science. This discipline is quite young and is developed mainly abroad. For quite a long period of time the main subject of comparativism has been the analysis of institutions and mechanisms of functioning of the two opposite economic systems - socialist and capitalist. The fall of the USSR and the socialist camp knocked the ground out of these studies. The focus of many scholars shifted to the study of the peculiarities and the processes of differentiation of capitalism itself, as well of the types (models or varieties) of capitalist systems. National capitalisms are classified according to various criteria and, above all, according to the degree of dominance of market self - regulation relations, into liberal market and coordinated market ones. In recent decades, the developed countries have been experiencing spontaneous globalization and deliberately pursued regional integration and unification. Under pressure and as a result of these processes, there has been a gradual convergence of economic practices, but still there is a giant distance to full convergence. The economies still have their specific original national features. The author assumes that these features will continue to be observed because they are derived not only from the economic system but also from the prevailing worldview and mentality which are extremely stable.