The situation in the zone of the Persian Gulf and adjoining regions of the Middle East continues to be extremely volatile and requires special attention from the world community. Withdrawal of USA troops from Iraq may be accompanied by not only the aggravation of the existing contradictions within the country, but also a clash of interests of the regional players: Iran, Turkey, Israel, Syria, Saudi Arabia, the intensification of the national-liberation movement of the kurds in all countries of their compact residence. New aggravation of the situation in the Middle East, and of course, negative impact on the entire system of regional and international security is possible. Any new armed conflict in the region could trigger another wave of the global financial and economic crisis.