Absolute domination of the state in a national economy defines radical difference of Russia and China from the majority of other countries. Here the similarity of the two countries as a matter of fact comes to an end. China has created the economy focused on export by means of unprecedented investments into fixed capital. In the country for a long time the interests of domestic market and basic requirements of the population have been ignored. Russia grounds its export economy on the development of raw materials and power generation sectors with limited creation of new branches. In contrast to China in Russia the purpose of development has not been formulated, there is no idea uniting the people. In the end of 2009 a basic change in the Russian-Chinese cooperation took place. China persistently tries to transform Russia into a raw appendage of its economy.