The first in Russian and foreign scientific literature monograph that reflects all aspects of environmental issues in developing countries. Analyzes the environmental situation in different countries and regions of the world, the cause of the ecological crisis in them, and the measures taken to resolve it. Comparative approach to the study of the problem allows to allocate general and particular environmental policy in developing countries and to assess their role in global environmental security in view of the changes in their environmental performance of the process of globalization. The work is based on attracting large amount of factual material that allows us to give an objective picture of the past and future environmental development of the developing world.