The collection of articles is based on the materials of the eponymous Inter-institutional round table which was held at the Primakov Institute of World Economy and International Relations (March, 1, 2017). The authors analyzed main trends of the current electoral campaign, observed social and economic issues in the candidates’ programs, discussed the reasons of the electorate’s behavior and possible consequences of the elections for foreign policy of France including Russian-French relationship. The edition is intended for researchers, political and economic analysts, high-school teachers, post-graduate students and all those interested in the life of contemporary France.