This study is dedicated to the analysis and systematization of the most important changes in the interaction of the development trends of military economics, innovations and security. The study builds upon the author’s earlier monograph “Innovation Constituent of the U.S. Military Economics” published in 2006. This new work presents a broadened and reassessed approach which takes into account current trends and new features of the world’s military-economic and military-political development. The increasingly strong innovation pressure is analyzed in a single integrated context encompassing the military economics and national and international security issues. The defense complexes’ problems facing leading industrial countries are explored within the environment of a growing uncertainty and extreme disbalance of international relations.