The book contains a comprehensive analysis of the most important changes in the US defense sector innovation activities. Innovation enhancements and the sweeping transformation of the armed forces are looked upon as interrelated and interdependent phenomena. The author gives a detailed analysis of the factors affecting the scope and the intensity of innovation activities: the state, private corporations and international cooperation. The work also dwells on the public policy in the field of science and technology, military technology and innovations, as well as on the role of the Department of Defense in shaping that policy. Particular attention is given to innovation activities in the aerospace complex, one of the leaders among the technology-intensive sectors of the US military-oriented industries, and to its important role in the national security system.