In 2021, China celebrates the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. The successful implementation of the first centenary goal of completing the construction of the moderately prosperous society xiaokang has demonstrated the success of China in many areas to the world. This paper examines the achievements of China in the field of nuclear power. The authors analyze the dynamics and structure of China’s nuclear power technology exports from 1990 to 2020 in relation to the world geopolitical architecture. The authors evaluate China’s position in the global nuclear energy market, describe the current legal restrictions on the development of nuclear technologies, assess the commodity structure of Chinese exports of sensitive technologies and China’s technological potential in the development of the “peaceful atom”. The country structure of the current and potential exports of nuclear power technologies is analyzed in detail as well as short-, medium- and long-term forecasts for the development of the industry are presented. The authors come to the conclusion that the leading role in the export of sensitive technologies is assigned not to economic benefits but to the geopolitical interests of Beijing: successful examples of cooperation with the countries of the Belt and Road Initiative and difficulties in the implementation of projects with Western countries are not mainly associated with the intense competition or the underdevelopment of Chinese technologies but with the desire of other poles of power, primarily the United States, to restrain the rapid rise of China in high-tech industries and “dual-use” goods. The emphasized factors confirm the conclusions of the authors that the “nuclear renaissance” in China will not be phased out due to the pandemic but will be continued, even expanded in the short-, medium- and long-term prospects and included in the tasks of the second centenary goal.