The article discusses contribution by Russian economic think tanks to the analysis of economic security issues. It is shown that the achievements in this field are important but not systematic. On the one hand, much was done to address challenges associated with unprecedented sanction pressure on Russian economy. On the other hand, issues related to preventing illegal economic practices are rarely studied by the economists. In this context, deliberate efforts should be made to develop productive dialogue between specialists in economic and security studies with the perspective of producing high quality research and policy advice on economic security issues.