The paper deals with changes of the interregional social and economic disparities in Brazil from 1995 to 2014. It demonstrates how the social policy of the Left-centrist governments headed by the presidents Cardoso, Lula and Rousseff succeeded in a decrease of inequalities among the big regions of Brazil, though this inequality is still very large. A dynamics of such indicators as the gross regional product per capita, Gini coefficient, labour incomes, a number of consumer durable goods in households and the level of education by the regions is under consideration. At the same time, new obstacles to the pro-poor social policy have risen in the last time, and they are scrutinised, too.