The article is devoted to the urgent problem of ensuring security in the Western Balkans and South Caucasus region. Against the backdrop of changes between the power centers of world politics and its periphery, the whole structure of regional relations has undergone restructuring. The article examines developments in the region and contributes to discussions of the causes and mechanisms driving peaceful powers work together in the creation of regional peace and security or compete in their efforts to increase impact over the Western Balkans and the Caucasus, it sheds new light on how regional actors brought about the transformation from conflict to peace. Particular attention is paid to geopolitical synchronism of developments both in the Balkans and the Caucasus.