The Arctic region is becoming more and more open both for the implementation of certain types of maritime economic activities, and for the involvement of all interested parties, including non-regional countries. On the one hand, this leads to a greater integration of the Arctic into the world economic process, its spaces and resources become a definite economic and political capital for the Arctic states. On the other hand, the increasing attention to the region leads to the fact that Russia faces certain risks and challenges that relate, first of all, to the erosion of the exclusive nature of cooperation among the Arctic countries, and replacing it with a broader inclusive one that does not always correspond to Russian national interests.