The authors scrutinize the variations in actual observing the labor legislation from the perspective of the main actors of judicial system, that is basing on the expert opinions of the representatives of judicial bodies themselves. They analyze the opinions of judges on the degree of observing the labor legislation; evaluate the activity of judicial system according to available variations in law application; outline the possible consequences of insufficient enforcement of working law norms. In the opinion of the majority of experts the violations of labor legislation are met far and wide, only insignificant part of them being brought to sight of judicial system. The main violators of labor legislation are employers. Observing labor legislation varies greatly, and the existing differences are evaluated by the majority of respondents as very significant. Essential variations in the enforcement of law norms are noted in various regions, types of enterprises, sections of working legislation. And though the Russian labor market is still extremely regulated selective observance of the norms of labor law creates unjustified competition advantages just for the least law-abiding enterprises.